![]() ![]() ![]() This technology is unable to differentiate Shigella from E coli. V.cholerae is a highly motile, comma-shaped gram-negative bacteria with a single polar flagellum.It has hundreds of serogroups that include pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. This new technology seems to work quite well for identification of most of the common Enterobacteriaceae encountered in clinical material except for Shigella species. These bacteria have built-in abilities to find new ways to be resistant and can pass along genetic materials that allow other bacteria to become drug-resistant as well. The implementation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) for identification of culture isolates is replacing the more traditional panels of biochemicals currently in use in most clinical microbiology laboratories. Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to multiple drugs and are increasingly resistant to most available antibiotics. Many also have a capsule or slime layer made of polysaccharide. All prokaryotic cells are encased by a cell wall. Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells, have no nucleus, and lack organelles. However, these are largely being replaced by other methods. Key points: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms belonging to the domains Bacteria and Archaea. In the United States, commercially prepared kits or automated systems are used to a large extent for this purpose. The predominant bacteria were: Pseudomonas sp. They can be differentiated to species level by a vast array of biochemical tests. The number of Gram-negative bacteria varied from 720-1,820 (average 1,250) organisms per ml of water. Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae have the following characteristics: They are gram-negative rods, either motile with peritrichous flagella or nonmotile grow on peptone or meat extract media without the addition of sodium chloride or other supplements grow well on MacConkey agar grow aerobically and anaerobically (are facultative anaerobes) ferment rather than oxidize glucose, often with gas production are catalase positive, oxidase negative (except for Plesiomonas) and reduce nitrate to nitrite and have a 39–59% G + C DNA content. ![]()
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